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The increasing order of the boiling poin...

The increasing order of the boiling points for the following compounds is :
(I) `C_2H_5 OH` (II) `C_2H_5Cl`
(III) `C_2H_5CH_3` (IV) `C_2H_5OCH_3`

A

`(IV) lt (III) lt (I) lt (II) `

B

`(III) lt (II) lt (I) lt (IV)`

C

` (III) lt (IV) lt (II) lt (I) `

D

`(II) lt (III) lt (IV) lt (I)`

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To determine the increasing order of boiling points for the compounds given, we need to analyze the molecular structures and the intermolecular forces present in each compound. The compounds are: 1. **C2H5OH** (Ethanol) 2. **C2H5Cl** (Ethyl chloride) 3. **C2H5CH3** (Ethane) 4. **C2H5OCH3** (Dimethyl ether) ### Step 1: Identify the types of intermolecular forces - **Ethanol (C2H5OH)**: This compound can form hydrogen bonds due to the presence of the hydroxyl (-OH) group. Hydrogen bonding is a strong intermolecular force. - **Ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl)**: This compound has dipole-dipole interactions due to the electronegativity difference between carbon and chlorine, but it cannot form hydrogen bonds. - **Ethane (C2H5CH3)**: This is a hydrocarbon and has only weak London dispersion forces (van der Waals forces), which are the weakest type of intermolecular force. - **Dimethyl ether (C2H5OCH3)**: This compound has dipole-dipole interactions due to the presence of the ether oxygen, but it cannot form hydrogen bonds like alcohols. ### Step 2: Compare the boiling points based on intermolecular forces - **Ethanol** has the strongest intermolecular forces due to hydrogen bonding, leading to the highest boiling point. - **Ethyl chloride** has stronger intermolecular forces than ethane but weaker than ethanol, so it will have a boiling point lower than ethanol but higher than ethane. - **Dimethyl ether** has dipole-dipole interactions, which are stronger than the London dispersion forces in ethane but weaker than the hydrogen bonding in ethanol. - **Ethane** has the weakest intermolecular forces and thus the lowest boiling point. ### Step 3: Arrange the compounds in increasing order of boiling points Based on the analysis: 1. **C2H5CH3** (Ethane) - lowest boiling point 2. **C2H5OCH3** (Dimethyl ether) - next 3. **C2H5Cl** (Ethyl chloride) - higher than ether 4. **C2H5OH** (Ethanol) - highest boiling point ### Final Order: The increasing order of boiling points is: **C2H5CH3 < C2H5OCH3 < C2H5Cl < C2H5OH**
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