Transformation experiment was first performed by _____in____.

Options

A. Leaderberg and Tatum, E coli
B. Griffith, Streptococcus pneumoniae
C. Zinder and Lederberg, Salmonella
D. Linnaeus and Mc Carty, E. coli

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks who first performed the transformation experiment and in which organism it was conducted.

2. **Defining Transformation**: Transformation is a process where genetic material is transferred from one bacterial cell to another. This process was crucial in understanding genetic inheritance.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1**: Lederberg and Tatum in E. coli - This option is incorrect as they worked on bacterial conjugation, not transformation.
- **Option 2**: Griffith in Streptococcus pneumoniae - This option is correct. Frederick Griffith conducted the first transformation experiment in 1928 using Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- **Option 3**: Zinder and Lederberg in Salmonella - This option is incorrect as they also studied bacterial conjugation.
- **Option 4**: Atlas, Linnaeus, McCarty, and Coli - This option is incorrect as it does not relate to the transformation experiment.

4. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is **Griffith in Streptococcus pneumoniae**.

5. **Historical Context**: Griffith's experiment involved injecting mice with different strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, leading to the discovery of the "Griffith effect," where non-virulent bacteria could acquire virulence from heat-killed virulent bacteria.

**Final Answer**: Transformation experiment was first performed by **Griffith** in **Streptococcus pneumoniae**.

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