Define transgenic animals.Explain in detail any four areas where they can be utilised.

Explanation

Animals that have had their DNA manipulated to possess and express an extra (foreign) gene are known as transgenic animals.
Following are the four main areas where they can be utilised.
(i) To study Normal physiology and Development
These animals can be used to study that which factor/gene products are needed at what time of development. By the expresssion of certain genes. they help scientists to understand the normal gene expresiion at various stages of growth and development
(ii) Study of Diseases
Transgenic animala can be created to serve as models for various human dissease. they also help us to undertand the involvement of various genes in diseases like cancer. Parkinson disease etc.
(iii) Vaccine Safety
Transgenic animals can be used to test vaccines like polio vaccine. Transgenic mice have shown promising resutls in this area and would replace the vaccine testing on monkeys in the years to come.
(iv) Chemical safety Testing.
Transgenic animals are created which are m ore sensitive to certain chemiclas/drugs. These are used to study the toxicity or side effects of that chemical drug. the advantage is that we get results faster.