The amplifiers `X, Y` and `Z` are connected in series. If the voltage gains of `X, Y` and `Z` are `10, 20` and `30`, respectively and the input signal is `1mV` peak value, then what is the output signal voltage (peak value)
(i) if dc supply voltage is 10V ?
(ii) if dc supply voltage is 5V?

Explanation

given, `AV_(x) = 10, AV_(y) = 20, AV_(z) = 30`,
`Delta V_(1) = 1 mV = 10^(-3) V`
Now, `("Output Signal Voltage " (Delta V_(0)))/("Input Singal Voltage " (Delta V_(i))) =` Total voltage amplification
`= Av_(x) xx Av_(y) xx Av_(z)`
`rArr Delta V_(0) = Av_(x) xx Av_(y) xx Av_(z) xx Delta V_(i)`
`10 xx 20 xx 30 xx 10^(-3) = 6V`
(i) If `DC` supply voltage is 10 V, then output is 6V, since theoretical gain is equal to practical gain, i.e., ouput can never be greater than 6V.
(ii) If DC supply voltage is 5V, i.e., `V_(c c) = 5V`. Then, output peak will not exceed 5V. Hence `V_(0) = 5V`.