Modern trains are based on Maglev technology in which trains are magnetically leviated, which runs its EDS Maglev system. There are coils on both sides of wheels. Due to motion of train, current induces in the coil of track which levitate in. This is in accordance with Lenz’s law. If trains lower down then due to Lenz’s law a repulsive force increases due to which train gets uplifted and if it goes much high then there is a net downward force due to gravity. The advantage of Maglev train is that there is no friction between the train and the track, thereby reducing power consumption and enabling the train to attain very high speeds. Disadvantage of Maglev train is that as it slows down the electromagnetic forces decreases and it becomes deffficult to keep it leviated and as it moves forward according to Lenz’s law ther is an electromagnetic drag froce.
What is the disadvantage of this system?

Options

A. Train experiences upward force according to Lenz’s law
B. Friction force create a drag on the train
C. Retardation
D. By Lenz’s law train experience a drag

Answer

To answer the question regarding the disadvantages of the Maglev train system, we can break down the explanation as follows:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Maglev Technology**:
- Maglev (magnetic levitation) technology allows trains to float above the tracks using magnetic forces. This eliminates mechanical contact between the train and the track, reducing friction.

2. **Induction and Lenz's Law**:
- As the train moves, it induces a current in the coils located on the track. According to Lenz's law, the direction of this induced current creates a magnetic field that opposes the change in motion, resulting in a repulsive force that helps levitate the train.

3. **Advantages of Maglev Trains**:
- The primary advantage is the lack of friction, which leads to reduced power consumption and enables the train to achieve very high speeds.

4. **Disadvantages of Maglev Trains**:
- One significant disadvantage is that as the train slows down, the electromagnetic forces that keep it levitated decrease. This makes it challenging to maintain levitation, especially at lower speeds.
- Additionally, as the train moves forward, it experiences an electromagnetic drag force due to Lenz's law, which opposes its motion and can slow it down.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The main disadvantages of the Maglev system include the difficulty in maintaining levitation at lower speeds and the presence of electromagnetic drag forces that can impede the train's acceleration and overall efficiency.

### Final Answer:
The disadvantage of the Maglev train system is that as it slows down, the electromagnetic forces decrease, making it difficult to keep the train levitated. Additionally, there is an electromagnetic drag force that opposes the train's motion.

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