Name the reagents used to convert :
(i) 2-chloropropane to 2-nitropropane
(ii) Chloroethane to n-butane

Answer

To convert the given compounds, we will identify the appropriate reagents for each transformation step by step.

### (i) Conversion of 2-chloropropane to 2-nitropropane

1. **Identify the structure of 2-chloropropane**:
- 2-chloropropane has the structure CH3-CH(Cl)-CH3. It has three carbon atoms with a chlorine atom attached to the second carbon.

2. **Determine the desired product**:
- The target product is 2-nitropropane, which has the structure CH3-CH(NO2)-CH3.

3. **Select the appropriate reagent**:
- To replace the chlorine atom with a nitro group (NO2), we can use silver nitrate (AgNO2).

4. **Reaction mechanism**:
- When 2-chloropropane reacts with AgNO2, the chlorine atom is replaced by the nitro group. The reaction can be summarized as:
- CH3-CH(Cl)-CH3 + AgNO2 → CH3-CH(NO2)-CH3 + AgCl

5. **Final product**:
- The final product is 2-nitropropane (CH3-CH(NO2)-CH3).

### (ii) Conversion of chloroethane to n-butane

1. **Identify the structure of chloroethane**:
- Chloroethane has the structure CH3-CH2-Cl.

2. **Determine the desired product**:
- The target product is n-butane, which has the structure CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3.

3. **Select the appropriate reaction method**:
- We can use the Wurtz reaction for this conversion. This involves using sodium (Na) in dry ether as the solvent.

4. **Reaction mechanism**:
- In the Wurtz reaction, two moles of chloroethane react with sodium to form n-butane:
- 2 CH3-CH2-Cl + 2 Na → CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 + 2 NaCl

5. **Final product**:
- The final product is n-butane (CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3).

### Summary of Reagents Used:
- (i) **Reagent for 2-chloropropane to 2-nitropropane**: AgNO2
- (ii) **Reagent for chloroethane to n-butane**: Sodium (Na) in dry ether