Five factors are known to affect Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium. Three of them are : gene migration or gene flow, genetic drift and mutation . Rest two are

Options

A. Somatic variation and natural selection
B. Genetic recombination and random breeding
C. Genetic recombination and natural selection
D. Lack of random breeding and Saltation

Answer

To solve the question regarding the five factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Hardy-Weinberg Principle
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle in population genetics that states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of disturbing factors.

### Step 2: Identify the Known Factors
The question mentions three factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
1. Gene migration (gene flow)
2. Genetic drift
3. Mutation

### Step 3: Recall the Assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is based on five assumptions:
1. No mutation
2. Random mating
3. No gene flow
4. Infinite population size (no genetic drift)
5. No natural selection

### Step 4: Identify the Remaining Factors
From the assumptions, we can identify the remaining two factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
1. **Natural Selection**: This factor affects allele frequencies as certain traits may provide a survival advantage.
2. **Random Mating**: This ensures that all individuals have an equal chance of mating, which maintains genetic variation.

### Step 5: Conclude the Answer
Thus, the two remaining factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, along with the three provided, are:
1. Natural Selection
2. Random Mating

### Final Answer:
The two additional factors affecting Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are **Natural Selection** and **Random Mating**.

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