Select the reasons why tropical regions have more biodiversity than temperate regions .
1. Tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years .
2. Temperate environments, unlike tropical ones , are less seasonal , relatively more constant and predictable .
3 . Temperate regions were subjected to frequent glaciations in the past.
4. There is more solar energy available in the tropics which contributes to higher productivity .

Options

A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 3
C. 1 ,2 and 4
D. 1,3 and 4

Answer

To determine why tropical regions have more biodiversity than temperate regions, we will analyze each of the provided statements step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze the First Statement
**Statement:** Tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years.

**Analysis:** This statement is true. Tropical regions have experienced less disruption from climatic changes compared to temperate regions, allowing for a longer period of evolutionary development. This stability has facilitated the diversification of species over millions of years.

**Hint:** Consider the impact of geological stability on species evolution.

### Step 2: Analyze the Second Statement
**Statement:** Temperate environments, unlike tropical ones, are less seasonal, relatively more constant and predictable.

**Analysis:** This statement is false. Temperate regions are actually more seasonal, experiencing distinct changes in climate throughout the year. In contrast, tropical regions have a more stable climate with less seasonal variation, which supports a wider variety of species.

**Hint:** Think about how seasonal changes affect biodiversity.

### Step 3: Analyze the Third Statement
**Statement:** Temperate regions were subjected to frequent glaciations in the past.

**Analysis:** This statement is true. Temperate regions have undergone several glaciation events, which have led to significant habitat loss and species extinction. This historical disturbance has reduced biodiversity in these areas compared to the tropics.

**Hint:** Reflect on how past climatic events can shape current biodiversity.

### Step 4: Analyze the Fourth Statement
**Statement:** There is more solar energy available in the tropics which contributes to higher productivity.

**Analysis:** This statement is true. The tropics receive more direct sunlight year-round, leading to higher levels of photosynthesis and overall productivity. This increased productivity supports a greater number of species and complex ecosystems.

**Hint:** Consider the relationship between sunlight, productivity, and biodiversity.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- **Correct Statements:** 1 (Tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years), 3 (Temperate regions were subjected to frequent glaciations in the past), and 4 (There is more solar energy available in the tropics which contributes to higher productivity).
- **Incorrect Statement:** 2 (Temperate environments are less seasonal).

Thus, the correct reasons why tropical regions have more biodiversity than temperate regions are statements 1, 3, and 4.

### Final Answer
The correct reasons are: 1, 3, and 4.