The ease of hydrolysis in the compounds `underset((I))(CH_3COCl),CH_3CO-underset((II))O-COCH_3,CH_3underset((III))(COOC_2H_5)and CH_3underset((IV))(CONH_2)` is of the order

Options

A. `I gt II gt III gt IV`
B. `IV gt III gt II gt I`
C. `I gt II gt IV gt III`
D. `II gt I gt IV gt III`

Answer

To determine the order of ease of hydrolysis for the given compounds, we need to analyze each compound based on its structure and the factors affecting hydrolysis. The compounds are:

1. **CH3COCl** (Acetyl chloride)
2. **CH3COOCOCH3** (Acetic anhydride)
3. **CH3COOC2H5** (Ethyl acetate)
4. **CH3CONH2** (Acetamide)

### Step 1: Identify the type of each compound
- **CH3COCl**: This is an acid halide (specifically, an acyl chloride).
- **CH3COOCOCH3**: This is an anhydride (specifically, acetic anhydride).
- **CH3COOC2H5**: This is an ester (specifically, ethyl acetate).
- **CH3CONH2**: This is an amide (specifically, acetamide).

### Step 2: Understand the reactivity order
The reactivity of these compounds towards hydrolysis can be understood based on the nature of the leaving group and the electron-withdrawing or donating effects of substituents:
- **Acid Halides (RCOCl)**: These are very reactive due to the strong electrophilic character of the carbonyl carbon, enhanced by the electronegative halogen (Cl) which is a good leaving group.
- **Acid Anhydrides (RCOOCO-R)**: These are also reactive, but less so than acid halides. The presence of two carbonyl groups allows for some resonance stabilization, but the leaving group is not as good as in acid halides.
- **Esters (RCOOR')**: Esters are less reactive than anhydrides due to resonance stabilization from the lone pair of the oxygen atom, which reduces the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon.
- **Amides (RCONH2)**: Amides are the least reactive due to the electron-donating effect of the nitrogen atom, which increases electron density on the carbonyl carbon, making it less susceptible to nucleophilic attack.

### Step 3: Establish the order of hydrolysis
Based on the above analysis, the order of ease of hydrolysis from most reactive to least reactive is:
1. **CH3COCl** (Acid Halide)
2. **CH3COOCOCH3** (Acid Anhydride)
3. **CH3COOC2H5** (Ester)
4. **CH3CONH2** (Amide)

### Conclusion
The order of ease of hydrolysis for the compounds is:
**CH3COCl > CH3COOCOCH3 > CH3COOC2H5 > CH3CONH2**

### Final Answer
The ease of hydrolysis in the compounds is of the order: **1 > 2 > 3 > 4**.

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