The osmotic gradient between the cortex and medulla is creted by

Options

A. Urea
B. `NH_(3)`
C. Sodium chloride
D. Both A and C

Answer

D

Explanation

The proximity between the Henle's loop and vasa rectz, as well as the counter current in them help in maintaining an increasing osmolarity towards the inner medullary interstitium, i.e., from `300 mOsmolL^(-1)` in the cortex to about `1200 mOSmolL^(-1)` in the inner medulla. This gradient is mainly caused by NaCl and