Which of the following are included as tracheophytes ?

Options

A. Bryophytes , pteridophytes and Gymnosperms but not angiosperms
B. Pteridophytes , Gymnosperms and Angiosperms but not bryophytes
C. Algae, Fungi , Bryophytes but not pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms
D. Algae, Fungi , Bacteria , Bryophytes and pteridophytes but not gymnosperms and angiosperms

Answer

To determine which of the given options includes tracheophytes, we need to understand what tracheophytes are and which groups of plants they encompass.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Tracheophytes**:
- Tracheophytes, also known as vascular plants, are characterized by the presence of vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) that facilitates the conduction of water and nutrients.

2. **Identify Plant Groups**:
- **Bryophytes**: These are non-vascular plants (e.g., mosses) that do not have true roots, stems, or leaves. They rely on water for reproduction and are not considered tracheophytes.
- **Pteridophytes**: These are vascular plants (e.g., ferns) that possess xylem and phloem. They are the first group of plants to have vascular tissues and are considered tracheophytes.
- **Gymnosperms**: These are vascular plants that produce naked seeds (e.g., conifers). They also possess vascular tissues and are included as tracheophytes.
- **Angiosperms**: These are flowering plants that also have vascular tissues and produce seeds enclosed within fruits. They are included as tracheophytes.

3. **Examine the Options**:
- **Option 1**: Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, but not angiosperms.
- Incorrect because it includes bryophytes, which are not tracheophytes.
- **Option 2**: Pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, but not bryophytes.
- Correct because it includes only tracheophytes.
- **Option 3**: Algae, fungi, bryophytes, but not pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.
- Incorrect because it includes algae, fungi, and bryophytes, none of which are tracheophytes.
- **Option 4**: Algae, fungi, bacteria, bryophytes, pteridophytes, but not gymnosperms and angiosperms.
- Incorrect because it includes algae, fungi, and bryophytes, which are not tracheophytes.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The only option that includes only tracheophytes (pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms) and excludes non-tracheophytes (like bryophytes) is **Option 2**.

### Final Answer:
**Option 2: Pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, but not bryophytes.**