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Gas exchange at the respiratory membrane...

Gas exchange at the respiratory membrane is efficient because
I. the difference in partial pressure are substantial .
II. the gases are lipid-soluble.
III. blood flow is very rapid.
IV. the distance is minimized by having only one cell layer.
V. the total surface area is large .

A

II and III

B

I , IV ,and V

C

I, II and V

D

I , III, IV and V

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To determine why gas exchange at the respiratory membrane is efficient, we will analyze the given statements one by one: 1. **The difference in partial pressures are substantial.** - The efficiency of gas exchange is largely driven by the difference in partial pressures of gases. For instance, oxygen moves from areas of higher partial pressure (like the atmosphere) to areas of lower partial pressure (like the blood in the alveoli). This significant gradient facilitates the diffusion of gases, making this statement true. 2. **The gases are lipid-soluble.** - Oxygen and carbon dioxide are both lipid-soluble gases. This property allows them to easily diffuse across the lipid bilayer of the cell membranes in the alveoli and capillaries. Hence, this statement is also true. 3. **Blood flow is very rapid.** - While blood flow is essential for transporting gases, rapid blood flow can actually hinder efficient gas exchange. If blood moves too quickly, there may not be enough time for gases to diffuse adequately between the blood and the alveoli. Therefore, this statement is false. 4. **The distance is minimized by having only one cell layer.** - The respiratory membrane is composed of a single layer of cells, which minimizes the distance that gases must travel to diffuse. This thin barrier enhances the efficiency of gas exchange, making this statement true. 5. **The total surface area is large.** - The alveoli provide a large surface area for gas exchange due to their numerous and spherical structure. A larger surface area allows for more gas molecules to diffuse simultaneously, making this statement true. ### Summary of Statements: - True: I, II, IV, V - False: III ### Final Conclusion: The correct statements that explain the efficiency of gas exchange at the respiratory membrane are I, II, IV, and V.
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