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Which of the following statements is/are...

Which of the following statements is/are correct .

A

probability that the square of a randomly selected integer ends is 4 is `(2)/(5)`.

B

probability that the square of a randomlyselected integer ends in 4 is `(1)/(5)`.

C

probability that the `4^th` power of a randomly selected integer ends in 1 is `(2)/(5)`.

D

probability that square of a randomly selected integer ends in 3 or 7 is zero.

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The correct Answer is:
To determine which statements are correct regarding the probabilities of the last digits of squares and fourth powers of randomly selected integers, we will analyze each statement step by step. ### Step 1: Analyze the last digit of squares of integers The last digit of a square of an integer can only be one of the following digits: 0, 1, 4, 5, 6, or 9. - If the last digit of the integer is: - 0 → square ends in 0 - 1 → square ends in 1 - 2 → square ends in 4 - 3 → square ends in 9 - 4 → square ends in 6 - 5 → square ends in 5 - 6 → square ends in 6 - 7 → square ends in 9 - 8 → square ends in 4 - 9 → square ends in 1 From this, we can see that the last digit of a square will be 4 only if the last digit of the integer is either 2 or 8. ### Step 2: Calculate the probability The total number of possible last digits (0-9) is 10. The favorable outcomes for the last digit being 4 are 2 (from digits 2 and 8). Thus, the probability \( P \) that the square of a randomly selected integer ends in 4 is: \[ P = \frac{\text{Number of favorable outcomes}}{\text{Total outcomes}} = \frac{2}{10} = \frac{1}{5} \] ### Step 3: Evaluate the statements - **Statement A:** The probability that the square of a randomly selected integer ends in 4 is \( \frac{2}{5} \). **(Incorrect)** - **Statement B:** The probability that the square of a randomly selected integer ends in 4 is \( \frac{1}{5} \). **(Correct)** - **Statement C:** The probability that the fourth power of a randomly selected integer ends in 1 is \( \frac{2}{5} \). ### Step 4: Analyze the last digit of fourth powers The last digit of a fourth power of an integer can be determined similarly: - If the last digit of the integer is: - 0 → fourth power ends in 0 - 1 → fourth power ends in 1 - 2 → fourth power ends in 6 - 3 → fourth power ends in 1 - 4 → fourth power ends in 6 - 5 → fourth power ends in 5 - 6 → fourth power ends in 6 - 7 → fourth power ends in 1 - 8 → fourth power ends in 6 - 9 → fourth power ends in 1 From this, we see that the last digit of a fourth power will be 1 if the last digit of the integer is either 1, 3, 7, or 9. ### Step 5: Calculate the probability for fourth powers The favorable outcomes for the last digit being 1 are 4 (from digits 1, 3, 7, and 9). Thus, the probability \( P \) that the fourth power of a randomly selected integer ends in 1 is: \[ P = \frac{4}{10} = \frac{2}{5} \] - **Statement C:** The probability that the fourth power of a randomly selected integer ends in 1 is \( \frac{2}{5} \). **(Correct)** ### Step 6: Analyze the last digit of squares for 3 or 7 The last digit of a square can never be 3 or 7. The possible last digits of squares are 0, 1, 4, 5, 6, and 9. - **Statement D:** The probability that the square of a randomly selected integer ends in 3 or 7 is 0. **(Correct)** ### Conclusion The correct statements are: - Statement B: Correct - Statement C: Correct - Statement D: Correct ### Final Answer **Correct Statements:** B, C, D
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