`-OH` can be replaced by -Cl if we use

Options

A. `PCl_(5)`
B. `PCl_(3)`
C. `SOCl_(2)`
D. none of the above

Answer

To replace the hydroxyl group (-OH) with a chlorine atom (-Cl), we can utilize specific reagents that facilitate this substitution. Here’s a step-by-step solution to the question:

### Step 1: Identify the Hydroxyl Group
The hydroxyl group (-OH) is present in alcohols. We need to replace this group with a chlorine atom (-Cl).

### Step 2: Choose the Reagent
We can use several reagents to achieve this substitution. The common reagents include:
1. **Phosphorus Pentachloride (PCl5)**
2. **Phosphorus Trichloride (PCl3)**
3. **Thionyl Chloride (SOCl2)**

### Step 3: Reaction with PCl5
When we react an alcohol (R-CH2-OH) with phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5), the reaction proceeds as follows:
- **Reaction**: R-CH2-OH + PCl5 → R-CH2-Cl + POCl3 + HCl
- **Products**: The alcohol is converted to an alkyl chloride (R-CH2-Cl), and by-products include phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl).

### Step 4: Reaction with PCl3
Alternatively, we can use phosphorus trichloride (PCl3):
- **Reaction**: R-CH2-OH + PCl3 → R-CH2-Cl + H3PO3
- **Products**: Here, the alcohol is converted to an alkyl chloride (R-CH2-Cl), and the by-product is phosphorous acid (H3PO3).

### Step 5: Reaction with SOCl2
Another effective reagent is thionyl chloride (SOCl2):
- **Reaction**: R-CH2-OH + SOCl2 → R-CH2-Cl + SO2 + HCl
- **Products**: The alcohol is converted to an alkyl chloride (R-CH2-Cl), with sulfur dioxide (SO2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as by-products.

### Conclusion
In conclusion, the hydroxyl group (-OH) can be replaced by a chlorine atom (-Cl) using any of the following reagents:
1. PCl5
2. PCl3
3. SOCl2