What is the effect on biodiversity as we move from equator to polar region ?

Options

A. In increase
B. First decreases than increase
C. It decreases
D. It remains unchanged

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Biodiversity**: Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem. It can be categorized into three main types: genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecological diversity.

2. **Latitudinal Gradients**: Biodiversity exhibits latitudinal gradients, meaning that it changes as you move from the equator towards the poles. Generally, biodiversity is highest at the equator and decreases as you move towards the polar regions.

3. **Types of Biodiversity**:
- **Genetic Biodiversity**: This refers to the variety of genetic information within species. For example, India has a vast number of rice strains and mango varieties, showcasing high genetic diversity.
- **Species Diversity**: This is the variety of species within a given area. For instance, the Western Ghats in India have a greater number of amphibian species compared to the Eastern Ghats.
- **Ecological Diversity**: This refers to the variety of ecosystems in a given area. Tropical rainforests, for example, have a much higher biodiversity compared to tundra or desert biomes.

4. **Effect of Latitude on Biodiversity**: As we move from the equator to the polar regions, the overall biodiversity tends to decrease. This is due to several factors including climate, temperature, and habitat availability.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question regarding the effect on biodiversity as we move from the equator to the polar region is that biodiversity decreases.