Identify the incorrect statement

Options

A. External nostrils leads to nasal chamber.
B. Inner pleural membrane is in contact with thoracic lining.
C. Rights from the lateral boundary of thoracic chamber.
D. Exchange of gases in alveoli occurs by simple diffusion

Answer

To identify the incorrect statement from the given options, let's analyze each statement step by step.

1. **Statement 1: External nostrils lead to the nasal chamber.**
- This statement is correct. The external nostrils (or nares) are the openings that allow air to enter the nasal cavity, which is also referred to as the nasal chamber.

2. **Statement 2: Inner pleural membrane is in close contact with the thoracic lining.**
- This statement is incorrect. The inner pleural membrane (visceral pleura) is actually in close contact with the lungs, while the outer pleural membrane (parietal pleura) is in contact with the thoracic lining. Therefore, this statement is the incorrect one.

3. **Statement 3: Writes from the lateral boundary of thoracic chamber.**
- This statement is somewhat vague, but if it refers to the ribs, which form the lateral boundaries of the thoracic cavity, it can be considered correct.

4. **Statement 4: Exchange of gases in alveoli occurs by simple diffusion.**
- This statement is correct. Gas exchange in the alveoli occurs through the process of simple diffusion, where oxygen and carbon dioxide move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

**Conclusion:**
The incorrect statement among the options provided is Statement 2: "Inner pleural membrane is in close contact with the thoracic lining."