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(a) Explain how Mediterranean orchid ada...

(a) Explain how Mediterranean orchid adapted to achieve pollinatioin.
(b) Describe the importance of predators in an ecosystem.
( c ) What is Gause's "competitive exclusion principle"?

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(a) Mediterranean orchid Ophrys employs a mechanism called . sexual deceit.. It has modified its flowers to attract the right pollinator insect and ensure guaranteed pollination by it.
In a mediterranean orchid, one petal of the flower resembles the female bee in colour and markings. The male bee is attracted thinking that it is a female and pseudocopulates. with the flower. As a result, pollination occurs. But the bee does not get any beneifit. This is a good examples for co-evolution.
(b) Predator keep prey populations under control: Predator acts as a passage for transfer of energy across trophic level. Predators also help in maintaining species diversity in a community, by reducing the intensity of competition among competing prey species.
( c ) Gauses .Competitive Exclusion Principle. states that two closely related species competing for the same resources, cannot co-exist indefinitely and the competitively inferior will be eliminated eventually.
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