What are analogous organs? Give an example.

Explanation

(i) Homology : Homology is the realationship among organs of different group of organism , that show similarity in their basic structure and embryonic development , but perform different fuctions.
Homology is found in the bones of forelims indicates their common ancestry .
Homology is found in the bones of forelims of whales , cheetah , birds ,amphibians and himans, they have similar basic anatomical structure with the bones huereus , radius , ulna , carpals and phalanges .
other example are the hearts and brains of vertebrates .
Among plants , the throns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita represent homlogy .
Homolgy or homogous organs is the result of divergent evolution i.e the evolution process where the same structure develops along different directions due to adaptation for different needs .

(ii) Analogy : Analogy is the relationship among organs of different group of organisms performing the same function , irrespective fo strucrual or anatomical differences.
Some example of organs showing analogy are :
* Eyes of octopus and those of mammals .
Wing of a butterfly (insect ) and those of penguins
* Tubers of sweet potato ( root modifeid ) and those of potato ( stem modified) .
Analogy is the result of convergent evolution , ie. the evolutionary process , where anatomically different structure in different groups of organisms evolve towards the same function , It is the similar habitat conditions taht have selected similar adaptive features in different group of organism , towards the same function .