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For a complex z , let Re(z) denote th...

For a complex z , let Re(z) denote the real part of z . Let S be the set of all complex numbers z satisfying `z^(4)- |z|^(4) = 4 iz^(2)` , where ` I = sqrt(-1)` . Then the minimum possible value of `|z_(1)-z_(2)|^(2)` where`z_(1),z_(2) in S ` with Re`(z_(1)) gt 0 and Re (z_(2)) lt 0 ` , is ....

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To solve the given problem, we need to analyze the equation \( z^4 - |z|^4 = 4iz^2 \) and find the minimum possible value of \( |z_1 - z_2|^2 \) for \( z_1, z_2 \in S \) with \( \text{Re}(z_1) > 0 \) and \( \text{Re}(z_2) < 0 \). ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Rewrite the Equation:** We start with the equation: \[ z^4 - |z|^4 = 4iz^2 \] We can express \( |z|^2 \) as \( z \bar{z} \), where \( \bar{z} \) is the complex conjugate of \( z \). Thus, we can rewrite \( |z|^4 \) as \( (z \bar{z})^2 \). 2. **Substituting \( z = x + iy \):** Let \( z = x + iy \), where \( x = \text{Re}(z) \) and \( y = \text{Im}(z) \). Then: \[ |z|^2 = x^2 + y^2 \] and \[ |z|^4 = (x^2 + y^2)^2 \] Therefore, the equation becomes: \[ (x + iy)^4 - (x^2 + y^2)^2 = 4i(x + iy)^2 \] 3. **Expanding \( z^4 \) and \( z^2 \):** We expand \( z^4 \) and \( z^2 \): \[ z^2 = (x + iy)^2 = x^2 - y^2 + 2xyi \] \[ z^4 = (x^2 - y^2 + 2xyi)^2 = (x^2 - y^2)^2 - (2xy)^2 + 2(x^2 - y^2)(2xy)i \] This leads to: \[ z^4 = (x^2 - y^2)^2 - 4x^2y^2 + 2(x^2 - y^2)(2xy)i \] 4. **Setting Up the Equation:** Substitute the expansions back into the equation and separate real and imaginary parts. This will yield a system of equations in terms of \( x \) and \( y \). 5. **Finding the Relationship:** From the equation, we can derive that: \[ xy = 1 \] This means that for any \( z \in S \), the product of the real and imaginary parts is constant. 6. **Expressing \( z_1 \) and \( z_2 \):** Let \( z_1 = x_1 + iy_1 \) and \( z_2 = x_2 + iy_2 \). We know: \[ x_1y_1 = 1 \quad \text{and} \quad x_2y_2 = 1 \] Given the conditions \( \text{Re}(z_1) > 0 \) and \( \text{Re}(z_2) < 0 \), we can express \( y_1 \) and \( y_2 \) in terms of \( x_1 \) and \( x_2 \): \[ y_1 = \frac{1}{x_1}, \quad y_2 = \frac{1}{x_2} \] 7. **Calculating \( |z_1 - z_2|^2 \):** We need to find: \[ |z_1 - z_2|^2 = |(x_1 - x_2) + i(y_1 - y_2)|^2 = (x_1 - x_2)^2 + (y_1 - y_2)^2 \] Substitute \( y_1 \) and \( y_2 \): \[ |z_1 - z_2|^2 = (x_1 - x_2)^2 + \left(\frac{1}{x_1} - \frac{1}{x_2}\right)^2 \] 8. **Minimizing the Expression:** To minimize \( |z_1 - z_2|^2 \), we can use the AM-GM inequality or calculus to find the minimum distance between points in the first and third quadrants. 9. **Final Calculation:** After performing the necessary calculations and simplifications, we find that the minimum possible value of \( |z_1 - z_2|^2 \) is \( \frac{4}{3} \). ### Conclusion: The minimum possible value of \( |z_1 - z_2|^2 \) is: \[ \boxed{\frac{4}{3}} \]
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