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Anti-bonding molecule orbital is formed ...

Anti-bonding molecule orbital is formed by

A

Addition of wave functions of atomic orbitals

B

Substraction of wave functions of atomic orbitals

C

Multiplication of wave functions of atomic orbitals

D

Fiunding the arthemetic mean

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To answer the question "Anti-bonding molecular orbital is formed by," we can break down the explanation into clear steps: ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding Atomic Orbitals**: - Atomic orbitals are mathematical functions that describe the wave-like behavior of electrons in atoms. Each orbital has a specific shape and energy level. 2. **Wave Functions**: - In quantum mechanics, electrons are described by wave functions (ψ). These wave functions provide a probability distribution of where an electron might be located. 3. **Formation of Molecular Orbitals**: - When two atomic orbitals combine, they can form molecular orbitals. This combination can be constructive or destructive, depending on the phase of the wave functions. 4. **Constructive Interference**: - If the wave functions of the atomic orbitals are in phase (both positive or both negative), they combine constructively. This leads to the formation of a bonding molecular orbital, represented by the addition of the wave functions: ψ_bonding = ψ1 + ψ2. 5. **Destructive Interference**: - If the wave functions are out of phase (one positive and one negative), they combine destructively. This leads to the formation of an anti-bonding molecular orbital, represented by the subtraction of the wave functions: ψ_anti-bonding = ψ1 - ψ2. 6. **Nodal Plane**: - In the case of anti-bonding molecular orbitals, the destructive interference creates a nodal plane where the probability of finding an electron is zero. This indicates that there is no bond formed between the two atoms. 7. **Conclusion**: - Therefore, an anti-bonding molecular orbital is formed by the subtraction of wave functions of atomic orbitals. ### Final Answer: Anti-bonding molecular orbitals are formed by the subtraction of wave functions of atomic orbitals. ---
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