The compound having more covalent natures is

Options

A. `BaCl_2`
B. `MgCl_2`
C. `SrCl_2`
D. `BeCl_2`

Answer

To determine which compound has more covalent character, we can apply Fajans' rules. Here's a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Understand Fajans' Rules
Fajans' rules state that covalent character in ionic compounds increases when:
- The cation is small in size.
- The anion is large in size.
- The cation has a high positive charge.

### Step 2: Identify the Compounds
The question involves compounds of Group 2 elements. The relevant compounds are:
- Barium chloride (BaCl₂)
- Magnesium chloride (MgCl₂)
- Calcium chloride (CaCl₂)
- Beryllium chloride (BeCl₂)

### Step 3: Analyze the Cation Sizes
As we move down Group 2 in the periodic table:
- Beryllium (Be) is the smallest cation.
- Magnesium (Mg) is larger than Be.
- Calcium (Ca) is larger than Mg.
- Barium (Ba) is the largest cation.

### Step 4: Compare the Cations
Since we are looking for the compound with the highest covalent character, we need to focus on the size of the cations:
- Be²⁺ is the smallest cation.
- Mg²⁺ is larger than Be²⁺.
- Ca²⁺ is larger than Mg²⁺.
- Ba²⁺ is the largest.

### Step 5: Determine the Compound with the Highest Covalent Character
According to Fajans' rules:
- The smaller the cation, the greater the covalent character due to increased polarization of the anion.
- Since Be²⁺ is the smallest cation, BeCl₂ will have the highest covalent character among the listed compounds.

### Conclusion
The compound with more covalent nature is **BeCl₂** (beryllium chloride).

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