Ph`overset(14)("COCHO")overset(OH^(-))(rarr)`
The product (A) in the given reaction is

Options

A. Ph`overset(14)("CHOHCH")(OH)O^(-)`
B. ph`"CHOH"underset(14)(C)OO^(-)`
C. Ph`underset(14)(C )"OOCH"_(3)`
D. Ph`underset(14)("CHOHCH"_(3))`

Explanation

To solve the given reaction and determine the product (A), we will follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**: The given reactant is Ph-COCHO, which indicates a compound with a phenyl group (Ph) attached to a carbonyl group (C=O) and an aldehyde (CHO) group.

2. **Understand the Role of OH⁻**: The hydroxide ion (OH⁻) acts as a nucleophile. Nucleophiles are species that donate an electron pair to form a chemical bond in reaction.

3. **Electrophilic Center**: In the molecule, the carbon atom in the carbonyl group (C=O) is electrophilic due to the partial positive charge it carries. The nucleophile (OH⁻) will attack this electrophilic carbon.

4. **Nucleophilic Attack**: The nucleophile (OH⁻) attacks the carbonyl carbon, causing the double bond between carbon and oxygen to break. This results in the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate.

5. **Formation of the Intermediate**: The tetrahedral intermediate will have the structure Ph-C(OH)(H)-O⁻, where the carbon now has an -OH group and a hydrogen atom attached, along with the phenyl group.

6. **Proton Transfer**: The -OH group can act as a base and can abstract a proton (H⁺) from the hydroxyl group, leading to the formation of a carbonyl compound. This results in the generation of a carboxylate anion (O⁻).

7. **Final Product**: The final product after the rearrangement and proton transfer will be Ph-C(=O)OH, which is a carboxylic acid. The carbon atom retains its original identity (C-14).

8. **Identify the Correct Option**: Based on the structure derived, the product corresponds to option B, which is Ph-C(=O)OH.

### Final Answer:
The product (A) in the given reaction is Ph-C(=O)OH (option B).

---