Arrange the following in the correct order of their basic character
(I)`NH_(3)` (II) `CH_(3)NH_(2)` (III) `C_(6)H_(5)NH_(2)`

Options

A. `III gt II gt I`
B. `II gt III gt I`
C. `II gt I gt III`
D. I=II=III

Explanation

To arrange the compounds `NH₃`, `CH₃NH₂`, and `C₆H₅NH₂` in the correct order of their basic character, we need to analyze the basicity of each compound based on the availability of the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom.

### Step 1: Understand Basicity
Basicity refers to the ability of a compound to donate a lone pair of electrons. The more available the lone pair is for donation, the stronger the base.

### Step 2: Analyze `NH₃` (Ammonia)
- Ammonia has a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom.
- There are no electron-withdrawing or donating groups affecting the nitrogen.
- Therefore, ammonia can donate its lone pair easily, making it a moderate base.

### Step 3: Analyze `CH₃NH₂` (Methylamine)
- Methylamine also has a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen.
- The methyl group (`CH₃`) is an electron-donating group (due to the +I effect), which increases the electron density on the nitrogen.
- This makes the lone pair more available for donation compared to ammonia.
- Thus, methylamine is a stronger base than ammonia.

### Step 4: Analyze `C₆H₅NH₂` (Aniline)
- Aniline has a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen, but this lone pair can participate in resonance with the benzene ring.
- The resonance delocalizes the lone pair, making it less available for donation.
- As a result, aniline is a weaker base compared to both ammonia and methylamine.

### Step 5: Arrange in Order of Basicity
Based on the analysis:
1. `CH₃NH₂` (Methylamine) - Strongest base due to electron-donating effect of the methyl group.
2. `NH₃` (Ammonia) - Moderate base.
3. `C₆H₅NH₂` (Aniline) - Weakest base due to resonance stabilization.

### Final Order
The correct order of basic character is:
**CH₃NH₂ > NH₃ > C₆H₅NH₂**