Humus layer is soil composed of dead fresh organic matter called

Options

A. litter
B. duff
C. real humus
D. compost

Answer

To answer the question "Humus layer is soil composed of dead fresh organic matter called," we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Humus**:
- Humus is a dark, amorphous substance formed during the decomposition of organic matter. It is rich in nutrients and is resistant to further decomposition.

2. **Identifying the Composition**:
- The humus layer is primarily composed of decomposed organic matter, which includes dead plants, leaves, and other organic materials.

3. **Recognizing the Role of Decomposition**:
- The process of decomposition involves breaking down organic materials, which leads to the formation of humus. This process is known as humification.

4. **Defining the Litter Layer**:
- The layer of soil that contains fresh organic matter, such as undecayed leaves and other plant materials, is referred to as litter. This layer is the precursor to humus as it undergoes decomposition.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the humus layer is composed of dead fresh organic matter, which can be specifically referred to as "litter" before it fully decomposes into humus.

### Final Answer:
The humus layer is soil composed of dead fresh organic matter called **litter**.