(i) Give the balanced equation for the reaction between chlorine with cold NaOH.
(ii) Nitrogen exists as diatomic molecule and Phosphrus as `P_(4)`. Why ?

Explanation

(i) `Cl_(2) + H_(2) O rarr HCl + HOCl`
`HCl + NaOH rarr NaCl + H_(2)O`
`HOCl + NaOH rarr NaOCl + H_(2)O`
Overall reaction,
`Cl_(2) + underset(("cold"))(2NaOH) rarr underset(("Sodium hypochlorite"))(NaOCl) + underset(("Sodium chloride"))(NaCl + H_(2)O)`
Chlorine reacts with cold NaOH to give sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite.
(ii) Nitrogen has a trple bond between its two atoms because of its small size and high electronegativity. Phosphorus `P_(4)` has single bond, that is why it is tetra-atomic.