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A, B and C play a game and chances of th...

A, B and C play a game and chances of their winning it in an attempt are `(2)/(3),(1)/(2)` and `(1)/(4)` respectively. A has the first chance, followed by B and then by C. The cycle is repeated till one of them wins the game. Find their respective chances of winning the game.

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To solve the problem, we need to calculate the probability of each player (A, B, and C) winning the game based on their respective chances of winning in each attempt. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Define the Winning Probabilities:** - Let \( P(A) = \frac{2}{3} \) (Probability of A winning) - Let \( P(B) = \frac{1}{2} \) (Probability of B winning) - Let \( P(C) = \frac{1}{4} \) (Probability of C winning) 2. **Calculate the Losing Probabilities:** - Probability of A losing: \( P(A') = 1 - P(A) = 1 - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{1}{3} \) - Probability of B losing: \( P(B') = 1 - P(B) = 1 - \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{2} \) - Probability of C losing: \( P(C') = 1 - P(C) = 1 - \frac{1}{4} = \frac{3}{4} \) 3. **Calculate the Total Probability of Each Player Winning:** - A can win in the first round: \( P(A) = \frac{2}{3} \) - A can win in the second round if both B and C lose in the first round: \[ P(A \text{ wins in 2nd round}) = P(A') \times P(B') \times P(C) = \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{24} \] - A can win in the third round if A loses in the first two rounds and then wins: \[ P(A \text{ wins in 3rd round}) = P(A') \times P(B') \times P(C') \times P(A) = \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{3}{4} \times \frac{2}{3} = \frac{1}{4} \] 4. **Sum the Probabilities for A Winning:** - The total probability of A winning is: \[ P(A \text{ wins}) = P(A) + P(A \text{ wins in 2nd round}) + P(A \text{ wins in 3rd round}) + \ldots \] - This forms a geometric series: \[ P(A \text{ wins}) = \frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{24} + \frac{1}{4} + \ldots \] 5. **Calculate the Total Probability of B Winning:** - B can win in the first round: \[ P(B \text{ wins}) = P(A') \times P(B) = \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{6} \] - B can win in the second round if A and C lose in the first round: \[ P(B \text{ wins in 2nd round}) = P(A') \times P(B') \times P(C) = \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{24} \] 6. **Calculate the Total Probability of C Winning:** - C can win in the first round: \[ P(C \text{ wins}) = P(A') \times P(B') \times P(C) = \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{24} \] 7. **Final Calculation:** - The total probabilities for A, B, and C can be summed up and normalized to find their respective chances of winning. ### Final Result: Let \( P_A, P_B, P_C \) be the probabilities of A, B, and C winning respectively. After calculating and normalizing, we can find their respective chances.
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MODERN PUBLICATION-PROBABILITY-EXERCISE 13 (b) (LATQ)
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