Identify the T - shaped molecule in the following :

Options

A. `BF_(3)`
B. `NH_(2)`
C. `NF_(3)`
D. `ClF_(3)`

Explanation

To identify the T-shaped molecule among the given options (BF3, NH3, NF3, and ClF3), we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Determine the Hybridization of Each Molecule

1. **BF3**:
- Central atom: Boron (B)
- Valence electrons (V): 3 (Boron has 3 valence electrons)
- Monovalent atoms (M): 3 (3 Fluorine atoms)
- Cation charge (C): 0
- Anion charge (A): 0
- Hybridization formula:
\[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} \left( V + M - C + A \right) \]
- Calculation:
\[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} \left( 3 + 3 - 0 + 0 \right) = \frac{1}{2} \times 6 = 3 \quad \text{(sp}^2\text{)} \]
- Shape: Trigonal planar (no lone pairs).

2. **NH3**:
- Central atom: Nitrogen (N)
- Valence electrons (V): 5 (Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons)
- Monovalent atoms (M): 3 (3 Hydrogen atoms)
- Cation charge (C): 0
- Anion charge (A): 0
- Calculation:
\[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} \left( 5 + 3 - 0 + 0 \right) = \frac{1}{2} \times 8 = 4 \quad \text{(sp}^3\text{)} \]
- Shape: Pyramidal (due to one lone pair).

3. **NF3**:
- Central atom: Nitrogen (N)
- Valence electrons (V): 5
- Monovalent atoms (M): 3 (3 Fluorine atoms)
- Cation charge (C): 0
- Anion charge (A): 0
- Calculation:
\[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} \left( 5 + 3 - 0 + 0 \right) = \frac{1}{2} \times 8 = 4 \quad \text{(sp}^3\text{)} \]
- Shape: Pyramidal (due to one lone pair).

4. **ClF3**:
- Central atom: Chlorine (Cl)
- Valence electrons (V): 7 (Chlorine has 7 valence electrons)
- Monovalent atoms (M): 3 (3 Fluorine atoms)
- Cation charge (C): 0
- Anion charge (A): 0
- Calculation:
\[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} \left( 7 + 3 - 0 + 0 \right) = \frac{1}{2} \times 10 = 5 \quad \text{(sp}^3\text{d)} \]
- Shape: T-shaped (due to two lone pairs).

### Step 2: Identify the T-shaped Molecule

From the analysis:
- BF3 is trigonal planar.
- NH3 is pyramidal.
- NF3 is pyramidal.
- ClF3 is T-shaped.

### Final Answer:
The T-shaped molecule among the given options is **ClF3**.

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