For the commercial and industrial production of Citric acid,which of the following microbes is used?

Options

A. Aspergillus niger
B. Lactobacillus sp
C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
D. Clostridium butylicum

Answer

To determine which microbe is used for the commercial and industrial production of citric acid, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Microbes Listed
We need to look at the options provided in the question. The microbes mentioned are:
1. Aspergillus niger
2. Lactobacillus
3. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
4. Clostridium butylicum

### Step 2: Understand the Role of Each Microbe
Next, we analyze the role of each microbe in industrial applications:
- **Aspergillus niger**: This is a type of fungus known for its ability to produce citric acid on a large scale.
- **Lactobacillus**: This is a bacteria used primarily for fermentation processes, such as in dairy products (sour milk, cheese).
- **Saccharomyces cerevisiae**: This is a yeast commonly used in baking and brewing (bread, wine).
- **Clostridium butylicum**: This is a bacterium used for the production of butyric acid.

### Step 3: Identify the Correct Microbe for Citric Acid Production
From the analysis, we can see that:
- **Aspergillus niger** is specifically known for its role in the production of citric acid.

### Step 4: Conclusion
Thus, the correct answer to the question is **Aspergillus niger**.

### Final Answer
For the commercial and industrial production of citric acid, the microbe used is **Aspergillus niger**.

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