The phenomenon of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and spreading to other habitats is called :-

Options

A. Saltation
B. Co-evolution
C. Natural selection
D. Adaptive radiation

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about a specific phenomenon related to the evolution of different species from a common ancestor in a geographical area, which then spreads to various habitats.

2. **Identifying Key Terms**: The key terms in the question are "evolution," "different species," "geographical area," "starting from a point," and "spreading to other habitats."

3. **Analyzing the Options**: The options provided in the question (though not explicitly listed) likely include terms related to evolutionary processes:
- Saltation
- Co-evolution
- Natural selection
- Adaptive radiation

4. **Defining Each Term**:
- **Saltation**: Refers to sudden large-scale mutations that lead to rapid changes in species, but does not involve the gradual evolution of different species from a common ancestor.
- **Co-evolution**: Involves two species evolving together due to their interactions, such as predator-prey relationships, but does not specifically address the divergence from a common ancestor.
- **Natural Selection**: A process where organisms adapt to their environment, which leads to evolution, but it does not specifically describe the divergence of species from a single point.
- **Adaptive Radiation**: This is the process where a single ancestral species evolves into multiple species, each adapted to different environments or niches.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the definitions, the correct term that describes the phenomenon of evolution of different species from a common ancestor in a geographical area is **Adaptive Radiation**.

**Final Answer**: Adaptive Radiation

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