Which is the basis of genetic mapping of human genome as well as DNA finger printing?

Options

A. Polymorphism in DNA sequence
B. Single nucleotide polymorphism
C. Polymorphism in hnRNA sequence
D. Polymorphism in RNA sequence

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Genetic Mapping and DNA Fingerprinting**:
- Genetic mapping refers to the process of determining the location and chemical sequence of specific genes on a chromosome. DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals based on unique patterns in their DNA.

2. **Identifying the Basis of Genetic Mapping and DNA Fingerprinting**:
- The key to both genetic mapping and DNA fingerprinting lies in variations in DNA sequences among individuals. These variations can be in the form of polymorphisms.

3. **Defining Polymorphism**:
- Polymorphism refers to the presence of two or more variants (alleles) at a particular DNA location in a population. The term "poly" means many, and "morphism" means forms, indicating that there are multiple forms of a genetic sequence.

4. **Types of Polymorphisms**:
- The most relevant type of polymorphism for genetic mapping and DNA fingerprinting is **Polymorphism in DNA Sequence**. This includes variations such as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), which are the most common type of genetic variation among people.

5. **Application in Genetic Mapping**:
- In genetic mapping, polymorphisms help in identifying the location of genes on chromosomes. By analyzing these variations, researchers can create a map of the human genome.

6. **Application in DNA Fingerprinting**:
- In DNA fingerprinting, the unique patterns created by polymorphisms allow for the identification of individuals. Each person's DNA has a unique combination of these polymorphic traits, making it possible to distinguish one individual from another.

7. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the basis of genetic mapping of the human genome as well as DNA fingerprinting is **Polymorphism in DNA Sequence**.

### Final Answer:
The basis of genetic mapping of the human genome as well as DNA fingerprinting is **Polymorphism in DNA Sequence**.