Define pascal's law. Explain the application of pascal's law in our daily life.

Explanation

Pascal.s law states that the external pressure applied on an incompressible liquid is transmitted uniformly throughout the liquid. Pascal.s law became the basis for one of the important machines ever developed, the hydraulic press. It consists of two cylinders of different cross-sectional areas. They are fitted with pistons of cross-sectional areas "a" and "A". The object to be compressed is placed over the piston of large cross-sectional area A. The force `F_(1)` is applied on the piston of small cross-sectional area a .
The pressure produced by small piston is transmitted equally to large piston and a force `F_(2)` acts on A which is much larger than `F_(1)`. Pressure on piston of small area .a. is given by,
`P = F_(1)//A_(1)` ..................... (1)
Applying I.ascal.s law, the pressure on large piston of area A will be the same as that on small piston. Therefore, `P = F_(2)//A_(2)` ........................(2)
Comparing equations (1) and (2).we get
`F_(1)//A_(1) = F_(2)//A_(2) " or " F_(2) = F_(1) x A_(2)//A_(1)`
Since, the ratio `A_(2) //A_(1)` is greater than 1, the force `F_(2)` that acts on the larger piston is greater than the force `F_(2)` acting on the smaller piston. Hydraulic systems working in this way are known as force multipliers.