Define infertility. Last two causes of each of male infertility and female infertility

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Text Solution:

**Step 1: Define Infertility**
Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive or produce children after one year of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. It is a condition that affects both males and females and can arise from various physiological issues.

**Step 2: Causes of Male Infertility**
1. **Cryptorchidism**: This is a condition where one or both testicles fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum. The scrotum is essential for the proper temperature regulation required for sperm production (spermatogenesis).

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