Which of the following is used for the preparation of benzene ?

Options

A. Phenol
B. Ethyne
C. Furan
D. Both (1) and (2)

Answer

To determine which of the given compounds can be used for the preparation of benzene, we will analyze each compound one by one.

### Step 1: Analyze Phenol
- **Phenol** (C6H5OH) can be converted to benzene through a reduction reaction.
- **Reduction Method**: By using zinc dust (Zn), phenol can be reduced to benzene. The reaction can be summarized as follows:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH} + \text{Zn} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_6 + \text{ZnO} \]
- **Conclusion**: Phenol can be used to prepare benzene.

### Step 2: Analyze Ethyne
- **Ethyne** (C2H2), also known as acetylene, can be converted to benzene.
- **Preparation Method**: By taking three molecules of ethyne and passing them through a red-hot iron tube, a cyclization reaction occurs, leading to the formation of benzene. The reaction can be summarized as follows:
\[ 3 \text{C}_2\text{H}_2 \xrightarrow{\text{red-hot iron}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_6 \]
- **Conclusion**: Ethyne can also be used to prepare benzene.

### Step 3: Analyze Furan
- **Furan** (C4H4O) is a five-membered aromatic compound containing an oxygen atom.
- **Conversion Challenge**: Converting furan into benzene would require the removal of the oxygen atom and the addition of two carbon atoms to form a six-membered ring. This transformation is not straightforward and is not commonly performed.
- **Conclusion**: Furan cannot be used to prepare benzene due to the difficulty in the conversion process.

### Final Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- **Phenol** and **Ethyne** can be used to prepare benzene.
- **Furan** cannot be used for this purpose.

### Answer
The compounds that can be used for the preparation of benzene are **Phenol** and **Ethyne**.