Asqirin is obtained by the reaction of salicylic acid with

Options

A. Acetic anhydride
B. Acetaldehyde
C. Acetyl chloride
D. Methanol

Answer

To determine how aspirin is obtained from salicylic acid, we need to understand the reaction that takes place. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the process:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
Aspirin is synthesized from salicylic acid. The chemical structure of salicylic acid includes a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH).

**Hint:** Look for the functional groups present in salicylic acid that will participate in the reaction.

### Step 2: Identify the Reagent
The reagent that reacts with salicylic acid to form aspirin is acetic anhydride (or acetyl anhydride, CH3CO) or acetyl chloride (CH3COCl). Both of these reagents can introduce an acetyl group (-COCH3) to the salicylic acid.

**Hint:** Consider which reagents can provide an acetyl group and how they can interact with the hydroxyl group of salicylic acid.

### Step 3: Mechanism of Reaction
In the reaction, the hydroxyl group (-OH) of salicylic acid acts as a nucleophile. It attacks the electrophilic carbon of the carbonyl group in acetic anhydride. This results in the formation of a bond between the oxygen of the hydroxyl group and the carbonyl carbon, leading to the release of a leaving group.

**Hint:** Remember that nucleophiles attack electrophiles, and the reaction involves the formation of a new bond while a leaving group departs.

### Step 4: Formation of Aspirin
After the nucleophilic attack, the reaction leads to the formation of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), which has the structure of salicylic acid but with the hydroxyl group replaced by an acetyl group (-OCOCH3).

**Hint:** Visualize the transformation of salicylic acid into aspirin by focusing on the changes in functional groups.

### Step 5: Final Product
The final product of the reaction is aspirin, which can be represented as follows:
- Aspirin: C9H8O4 (structurally, it has a carboxylate and an acetyl group).

**Hint:** Ensure that you can identify the final product's structure and confirm that it corresponds to the expected molecular formula.

### Conclusion
Thus, aspirin is obtained by the reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride (or acetyl chloride), where the hydroxyl group of salicylic acid is replaced by an acetyl group.

**Final Answer:** Aspirin is obtained by the reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride (or acetyl chloride).