Picric acid is obtained by heating pheno...

Picric acid is obtained by heating phenol in the presence of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` with conc. `HNO_(3)//conc. HNO_(2)`

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To solve the question about the formation of picric acid by heating phenol in the presence of concentrated H₂SO₄ and HNO₃, we will break down the process step by step. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Reactants**: - We start with phenol (C₆H₅OH), which has a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to a benzene ring. The -OH group is an ortho-para directing group due to its electron-donating nature. 2. **Role of Concentrated H₂SO₄**: ...

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Phenolphthalein is obtained by heating phtahalic anhydride with conc. H_(2)SO_(4) and

Benzyl alcohol

Phenol

Benzene

Benzoic acid

Pheol reacts with conc. HNO_(3) in the presence of conc. H_(2)SO_(4) to give :

meta nitrophenol

ortho nitrosophenol

ortha and para nitrophenol

picric acid

On heating a mixture of NaBr and conc. H_(2)SO_(4) we obtain:

`HOBr`

`HB r`

`Br_(2)`

`HBrO_(3)`