Which the following will give phenol with Cao and NaOH ?

Options

A. Salicylic acid
B. Picric acid
C. Benzoic acid
D. Amino acid

Explanation

To solve the question of which compound will give phenol when reacted with calcium oxide (CaO) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Reaction**:
- Calcium oxide (CaO) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) act as decarboxylating agents. This means they can remove a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) from a compound, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) in the process.

2. **Analyzing Salicylic Acid**:
- **Structure**: Salicylic acid has the formula C7H6O3, which contains both a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH).
- **Reaction**: When salicylic acid is treated with CaO and NaOH, the carboxylic acid group is removed, resulting in the formation of phenol (C6H5OH) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
- **Conclusion**: Salicylic acid will yield phenol.

3. **Analyzing Picric Acid**:
- **Structure**: Picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol) has the formula C6H3N3O7 and does not contain a carboxylic acid group.
- **Reaction**: Since there is no -COOH group present, picric acid will not undergo decarboxylation with CaO and NaOH.
- **Conclusion**: Picric acid will not yield phenol.

4. **Analyzing Benzoic Acid**:
- **Structure**: Benzoic acid has the formula C7H6O2 and contains a carboxylic acid group.
- **Reaction**: Upon reaction with CaO and NaOH, benzoic acid will lose its -COOH group, resulting in the formation of benzene (C6H6), not phenol.
- **Conclusion**: Benzoic acid will not yield phenol.

5. **Analyzing Amino Acids**:
- **Structure**: Amino acids generally have the formula R-CH(NH2)-COOH.
- **Reaction**: When amino acids react with CaO and NaOH, they undergo decarboxylation, losing the -COOH group and forming an amine (R-CH2-NH2).
- **Conclusion**: Amino acids will not yield phenol.

### Final Answer:
- The only compound that will yield phenol when reacted with calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide is **Salicylic Acid**.