The giant hornet Vespa mandarinia japonica preys on Japanes bees.However, if one of the hornets attempts to invade a beehive, several hundred of the bees quickly form a compact ball around the hornet to stop it. They do not sting, bits, crush , or suffocate it. Rather they overheat it by quickly raising their body temperatures from the normal `35^(@)C` to `47^(@)` or `48^(@)C`, which is lethal to the hornet but not to bees (Figure ). Assume the following `:` 500 bees from a ball of radius R = 1.8 cm for a time t = 18 min, the primary loss of energy by the ball is by thermal radiation, the ball's surface has emissivity `epsilon = 0.80`, and the ball has a uniform temperature . On average, how much additional energy must each bee produce during the 18 min to maintain `47^(@)C` ?

Answer

0.59J