Removal of anthers from a flower during hybridization process is known as:

Options

A. Crossing
B. Emasculation
C. Isolation
D. Sterilization

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Hybridization**: Hybridization is a process used in plant breeding where the goal is to combine desirable traits from two different plants. This often involves transferring pollen from one plant to the stigma of another.

2. **Anther Removal**: In order to control the hybridization process, it is important to prevent unwanted pollination. This is done by removing the anthers from the flower before they release pollen. The anthers are the part of the flower that produces pollen.

3. **Timing of Anther Removal**: The removal of anthers must occur before they dehisce, which means before they open up and release pollen. This ensures that the flower cannot self-pollinate.

4. **Covering the Stigma**: After the anthers are removed, the stigma (the part of the flower that receives pollen) is often covered with a protective material, such as a cellophane bag. This prevents any external pollen from contaminating the stigma.

5. **Pollination with Desired Pollen**: Once the stigma is protected, scientists can introduce specific pollen grains from another plant to achieve the desired hybridization. This is done carefully to ensure successful fertilization.

6. **Terminology**: The specific process of removing the anthers from the flower during hybridization is known as **emasculation**. This term refers to the act of removing male reproductive parts to prevent self-pollination.

7. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the removal of anthers from a flower during the hybridization process is called emasculation.

**Final Answer**: Emasculation

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