What is apocarpous and syncarpous?

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Understanding Gynosium**: The gynosium is the female reproductive part of a flower. It consists of one or more pistils.

2. **Pistil and Carpel**: A pistil can be made up of one carpel (monocarpillary condition) or multiple carpels (multi-carpillary condition).

3. **Conditions of Pistils**:
- **Monocarpillary Condition**: This occurs when there is only one pistil in the gynosium.
- **Multi-carpillary Condition**: This occurs when there are multiple pistils present.

4. **Fusing of Pistils**:
- In some flowers, the multiple pistils can fuse together. This condition is known as **Syncarpus**.
- In contrast, if the pistils remain separate and do not fuse, this condition is referred to as **Apocarpus**.

5. **Structure of the Pistil**: Each pistil consists of three main parts:
- **Stigma**: The part where pollen grains land.
- **Style**: The stalk that connects the stigma to the ovary.
- **Ovary**: The basal swollen portion that contains the ovules.

6. **Summary**:
- **Apocarpous**: Condition where multiple pistils are free and do not fuse.
- **Syncarpous**: Condition where multiple pistils are fused together.