What is polyploidy ? Give one example of a polyploid species.

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of Polyploidy**:
- Polyploidy is a genetic condition characterized by the presence of more than two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism. This means that instead of the normal diploid state (2n), where organisms have two sets of chromosomes, polyploid organisms can have three sets (triploid, 3n), four sets (tetraploid, 4n), or even more.

2. **Mechanism of Polyploidy**:
- Polyploidy can occur through various mechanisms, such as errors during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) that lead to the duplication of the entire set of chromosomes. This can happen in plants and some animal species, leading to increased genetic variation and sometimes new species.

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