You have a mixture of three liquids A, B and C. There is a large difference in the boiling points of A and rest of the tow liquids i.e., B and C. Boiling point of liquids B and C are quite close. Liquid A boils at a higher temperature than B and C and boiling point B is lower than C. How will you separate the components of the mixture. Draw a diagram showing set up of the apparatus for the process.

Explanation

Since the boiling point of liquid A is much higher than those of liquids B and C whose boiling points are quite close, therefore, liquid A will be separated by simple distillation using the apparatus as shown in Fig. 11. Since the boiling points of liquids B and C are quite close but are much lower than that of liquid A, therefore, mixture of liquids B and C will distil together leaving behind liquid A. On further heating, liquid A will distil over.
Liquid B and C will be separated by fractionating column (Fig. 13). On fractional distillation, liquid B will distil over first and then liquid C.