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A person found that the cake prepared by...

A person found that the cake prepared by him is hard and small in size. Which ingredient has he forgotten to add that would have caused to cake to rise and become light/ Explain your answer.

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The baker had forgotten to add baking powder . Baking powder is a mixture of baking soda (sodium hydrogencarbonate) and a mild edible acid such as tartaric acid. When this baking powder is added with water , then sodium hydrogencarbonate `(NaHCO_3)` reacts tartaric acid to evolve carbon dioxide gas. This `CO_2` gas causes the cake to rise and become soft and spongy.
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