Giraffe bending to drink. In a giraffe with its head 1.8 m above its heart, and its heart 2.0 m above its feet, the (hydrostatic) gauge pressure in the blood at its heart is 250 torr. Assume that the giraffe stands upright and the blood density is `1.06 xx 10^(3) kg// m^(3)` . In torr (or mm Hg), find the (gauge) blood pressure (a) at the brain (the pressure is enough to perfuse the brain with blood, to keep the giraffe from fainting) and (b) at the feet (the pressure must be countered by tight-fitting skin acting like a pressure stocking). (c) If the giraffe were to lower its head to drink from a pond without splaying its legs and moving slowly, what would be the increase in the blood pressure in the brain? (Such action would probably be lethal.)

Explanation

To solve the problem, we will calculate the gauge blood pressure at the brain and at the feet of the giraffe, and then determine the increase in blood pressure in the brain when the giraffe lowers its head to drink.

### Given Data:
- Height of the head above the heart, \( h_{head} = 1.8 \, \text{m} \)
- Height of the heart above the feet, \( h_{heart} = 2.0 \, \text{m} \)
- Gauge pressure at the heart, \( P_{heart} = 250 \, \text{torr} \)
- Density of blood, \( \rho = 1.06 \times 10^3 \, \text{kg/m}^3 \)
- Acceleration due to gravity, \( g = 9.81 \, \text{m/s}^2 \)
...