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Ionic solids, which have anionic vacanci...

Ionic solids, which have anionic vacancies due to metal excess defect, develop colour. Explain with the help of a suitable example.

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An example where anionic vacancy is created due to metal excess defect is that of sodium chloride when it is heated with sodium vapours. In this process, NaCl is formed and an electron is released.
`Na + Cl^(-)rarr NaCl + e^(-)`
The electron released occupies the anionic site. Anionic sites occupied by electrons are called F-centres. This clectron on absorption of light from the visible range imparts yellow colour. The colour shown will be that of the transmitted light.
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