On the basis of Ellingham's diagram expl...

On the basis of Ellingham's diagram explain the principle of extraction of iron from its oxide ore.

Text Solution

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(a) At 1073 K, `DeltaG^(@)` Vs T line for `CrarrCO` Intersects the `FerarrFeO` Line. Above 1073K, `DeltaG^(@)` of `CrarrCO` becomes less than `DeltaG^(@)` of `FerarrFeO` and hence carbon itself is oxidized to CO. Therefore, carbon becomes very good reducing agent for the reduction of FeO to Fe at the temperature range of 900K-1500K.
`FeO(s)+CrarrFedarr+CO(g)`
(b) At temperature, below 800 K, `DeltaG^(@)` for `COrarrCO_(2)` is less than. `FerarrFe_(2)O_(3)`, therefore, CO is a better reducing agent for the reduction of `Fe_(2)O_(3)` to FeO
`Fe_(2)O_(3)(s)+COrarr2FeO+CO_(2)`

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The common method for extraction of metals from the oxide ore is

reduction with carbon

reduction with hydrogen

reduction with aluminium

electrolytic method

The process of extracting the metal from its ore is called :

Refining

Concentration

Leaching

Metallurgy

According to Ellingham diagram , the oxidation reaction of carbon to carbon monoxide may be used to reduce which one of the following oxides at lowest temperature ?

`Al_2O_3`

`Cu_2O`

`MgO`

ZnO