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Amongst the following compounds, identif...

Amongst the following compounds, identify which are insoluble, partially soluble and highly soluble in water ?
(i) Phenol
(ii) Toluene
(iii) Formic acid
(iv) Ethlene glycol
(v) Chloroform
(vi) Pentanol.

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

(i) Phenol : `(C_(6)H_(5)OH)` has the polar group `""^(-)OH` and non - polar `""^(-)C_(6)H_(5)` group.
Thus, phenol is partially soluble in water.
(ii) Toluene : `(C_(6)H_(5)-CH_(3))` has no polar groups.
Thus, toluene is insoluble in water.
(iii) Formic acid : (HCOOH) has the polar group `""^(-)OH` and can form H - bond with water.
Thus, formic acid is highly soluble in water.
(iv) Ethylene glycol : has polar - OH group and can form H - bond.
Thus, it is highly soluble in water.
(v) Chloroform : is insoluble in water.
(vi) Pentanol `(C_(5)H_(11)OH)` : has polar - OH group, but it also contains a very bulky non - polar `- C_(5)H_(11)` group.
Thus, pentanol is partially soluble in water.
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