What are the ideal materials for fabrication of solar cell? and give the criteria for selection.

Explanation

Semiconductor with band gap close to 1.5 eV are ideal materials for solar cell fabrication.
These materials are as follows:
`Si (E_(g)=1.1eV)`,
GaAs`(E_(g)=1.43eV)`,
CdTE `(E_(g)=1.45eV)`,
CuIn`Se_(2)(E_(g)=1.04eV)` etc. semiconductors.
The following are the important criteria for selecting the right materials for fabrication solar cell.
(1) Band gap `E_(g)` about 1.0eV to 1.8eV.
(2) High optical absorption about `10^(-4)cm^(-1)`
(3) The electrical conductivity should be high.
(4) The raw material should be easily available and
(5) The cost should be lower.