To solve the question regarding sound waves passing through an air column in the form of compressions and rarefactions, let's analyze each of the provided statements one by one.
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. **Understanding Compressions and Rarefactions**:
- Sound waves consist of regions of compression (where particles are close together) and rarefaction (where particles are spread apart). During compression, the air particles move closer together, resulting in increased pressure and density. Conversely, during rarefaction, the air particles move apart, leading to decreased pressure and density.
**Hint**: Remember that compression leads to higher density and pressure, while rarefaction leads to lower density and pressure.
2. **Analyzing Density**:
- In compressions, the volume of the air decreases, causing the density to increase. In rarefactions, the volume increases, and the density decreases. Therefore, the density does not remain constant throughout the wave.
**Hint**: Consider the relationship between volume and density; as volume decreases, density increases and vice versa.
3. **Evaluating Boyle's Law**:
- Boyle's Law states that for a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the product of pressure and volume is constant (PV = constant). Since the density changes during compressions and rarefactions, Boyle's Law is not applicable here.
**Hint**: Recall that Boyle's Law applies only when the density remains constant, which is not the case in sound waves.
4. **Bulk Modulus of Air**:
- The bulk modulus of a medium is a measure of its resistance to uniform compression. In the case of sound waves, the bulk modulus remains constant during the oscillation of compressions and rarefactions because it is a property of the medium and does not change with the oscillation.
**Hint**: Bulk modulus is a property of the medium and does not fluctuate with pressure changes in sound waves.
5. **Heat Transfer**:
- The process of compression and rarefaction occurs very quickly, which means there is insufficient time for heat exchange between the air and its surroundings. Therefore, this process can be considered adiabatic, indicating that there is no transfer of heat.
**Hint**: Think about the speed of the process; if it happens quickly, heat transfer is negligible.
### Conclusion:
Based on the analysis of the statements:
- Density does not remain constant (False).
- Boyle's Law is not obeyed (True).
- Bulk modulus of air does not oscillate (False).
- There is no transfer of heat (True).
Thus, the correct answer is **D: There is no transfer of heat**.
