Which of the following statement is incorrect?

Options

A. ADH prevents conversion of angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin
B. Aldosterone facilitates water reabsorption
C. ANF enhances sodium reabsorption
D. Renin causes vasodilation

Explanation

To determine which statement is incorrect, we will analyze each statement provided in the question step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze the first statement
The first statement claims that ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin.

- **Understanding ADH**: ADH is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland and primarily functions to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys, thus reducing urine output (diuresis).
- **Role of Angiotensinogen**: Angiotensinogen is a precursor protein that is converted into angiotensin I by the enzyme renin. This process is part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.

**Conclusion**: The statement is incorrect because ADH does not prevent the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin; instead, it plays a role in water reabsorption.

### Step 2: Analyze the second statement
The second statement claims that aldosterone facilitates water absorption.

- **Understanding Aldosterone**: Aldosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands. It promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, which indirectly leads to water retention due to osmosis.

**Conclusion**: This statement is correct.

### Step 3: Analyze the third statement
The third statement claims that ANF (Atrial Natriuretic Factor) enhances sodium reabsorption.

- **Understanding ANF**: ANF is a hormone produced by the heart that promotes the excretion of sodium (natriuresis) and water, leading to a decrease in blood volume and blood pressure.

**Conclusion**: This statement is incorrect because ANF actually inhibits sodium reabsorption, promoting its excretion instead.

### Step 4: Analyze the fourth statement
The fourth statement claims that renin causes vasodilation.

- **Understanding Renin**: Renin is an enzyme that initiates the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Angiotensin II, a product of this conversion, causes vasoconstriction, which increases blood pressure.

**Conclusion**: This statement is incorrect because renin does not cause vasodilation; rather, it is involved in a pathway that leads to vasoconstriction.

### Final Conclusion
After analyzing all statements, we find that the first statement about ADH is incorrect, while the second statement about aldosterone is correct. The third statement about ANF is also incorrect, and the fourth statement about renin is incorrect. Therefore, the incorrect statements are the first, third, and fourth.

### Summary of Incorrect Statements:
1. ADH prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin. (Incorrect)
2. Aldosterone facilitates water absorption. (Correct)
3. ANF enhances sodium reabsorption. (Incorrect)
4. Renin causes vasodilation. (Incorrect)

### Correct Answer
The correct answer is that the first statement is incorrect.