Benzophenone can be obtained by ……

Options

A. `"benzoyl chloride"+ "benzene"+ AlCl_(3)`
B. `"benzoyl chloride"+"diphenyl cadmium"`
C. `"benzoyl chloride" + "phenyl magnesium chloride"`
D. `"benzene" + "carbon monoxide" + ZnCl_(2)`

Explanation

To determine how benzophenone can be obtained, we will analyze the provided options step by step.

### Step 1: Understand the Structure of Benzophenone
Benzophenone has the structure of two benzene rings (C6H5) connected by a carbonyl group (C=O). Its chemical formula is C13H10O.

### Step 2: Analyze Option A
**Option A:** Benzoyl chloride + Benzene + AlCl3

- **Benzoyl chloride (C6H5C(=O)Cl)** is a reactive acyl chloride.
- **Aluminum chloride (AlCl3)** acts as a Lewis acid and facilitates the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction.
- In this reaction, benzoyl chloride reacts with benzene in the presence of AlCl3, leading to the formation of benzophenone through the following steps:
1. AlCl3 coordinates with the chlorine atom of benzoyl chloride, forming a complex.
2. The complex generates a highly reactive acylium ion (C6H5C+=O).
3. The acylium ion attacks the benzene ring, leading to the formation of benzophenone and HCl as a byproduct.

**Conclusion for Option A:** This method successfully produces benzophenone.

### Step 3: Analyze Option B
**Option B:** Benzoyl chloride + Diphenyl calcium

- **Diphenyl calcium** is a compound that can provide phenyl groups.
- The reaction proceeds similarly to Option A, where the phenyl group from diphenyl calcium attacks the carbonyl carbon of benzoyl chloride, leading to the formation of benzophenone.
- The chloride ion is eliminated in the process.

**Conclusion for Option B:** This method also successfully produces benzophenone.

### Step 4: Analyze Option C
**Option C:** Benzoyl chloride + Phenyl magnesium chloride

- **Phenyl magnesium chloride (C6H5MgCl)** is a Grignard reagent.
- In this case, the nucleophilic phenyl group is not stable enough to effectively attack the carbonyl carbon of benzoyl chloride.
- As a result, this reaction does not yield benzophenone.

**Conclusion for Option C:** This method does not produce benzophenone.

### Step 5: Analyze Option D
**Option D:** Benzene + Carbon monoxide + ZnCl2

- This reaction resembles the Kolbe electrolysis and is not suitable for forming benzophenone.
- Instead, it leads to the formation of benzoic acid.

**Conclusion for Option D:** This method does not produce benzophenone.

### Final Conclusion
The methods that can produce benzophenone are:
- **Option A:** Benzoyl chloride + Benzene + AlCl3
- **Option B:** Benzoyl chloride + Diphenyl calcium

### Summary of Correct Options
The correct options for obtaining benzophenone are A and B.

---